![]() The results show that the TCRβ repertoire of each individual has different signatures. In this study, after analyzing the expressed TCRβ repertoires in the peripheral blood of 582 healthy donors, 60 cancer patients, and 12 cord blood samples, we revealed an association between age, cancer, and other factors with the expressed TCRβ repertoire. However, most of these studies only analyzed a limited number of samples. Biased TCR repertoires were observed in the peripheral blood and in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of cancer patients. It has also been reported that the diversity indexes of TCR repertoire are correlated to the prognosis of certain diseases, including cancer and viral infection ( 23, 24). This is consistent with the common recognition that the adaptive immunity of elders is significantly impaired ( 22). Accumulating studies showed that the TCR repertoire diversities declined with age ( 19– 21). BCR/TCR repertoire analyses have a lengthy research history and interest in understanding the changes in the immune system during development, aging, and diseases ( 6, 13– 18). The tremendously diversified repertoires of BCR and TCR are the foundation of an adaptive immune system ( 3, 10, 12). Theoretically, there could be more than 1×10 18 possible BCR types and 1×10 13 possible TCR types ( 6, 8– 11). The diversities of BCR and TCR are generated through somatic DNA rearrangement during the early stages of lymphocyte development ( 4, 5, 7). To recognize almost unlimited types of antigens from invading viruses and microbes to endogenous malignant cells and foreign tissue grafts, BCR and TCR have developed vast diversified variable regions in the N-terminals of their polypeptide chains ( 1, 4– 6). The B-cell receptor (BCR) is composed of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains, while the T-cell receptor (TCR) is a heterodimer ( 1). B and T cells express antigen receptors on their cell surface to recognize different antigens ( 1, 3). The adaptive immune system contains B and T lymphocytes. However, these methods can only identify individuals with severe changes or defects in the immune system they can neither distinguish healthy donors from cancer patients nor tell the differences among healthy people. Different methods, including white blood cell counts, serum antibody levels, and fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analyses of lymphocyte subpopulation, have been applied to evaluate the potency of the adaptive immunity of the human body. There has been a long time request in clinical practice for a simple and quick method to quantitatively evaluate the potency of immunity, for example, to monitor immediate effects during immune cell therapy or to predict treatment effects in cancer patients. The adaptive immune system is important to combat different diseases, including defending against various bacterial or viral infections and fighting cancer ( 1– 3). These results reveal the alteration of the expressed TCRβ repertoire with aging and oncogenesis, and thus, we hypothesize that the TCR diversity and clonality in the peripheral blood might be used to evaluate and compare the adaptive immunities among different individuals in clinical practice. Most elder individuals and cancer patients have elevated numbers of large TCRβ clones and reduced numbers of shared common clones, and thus, they have very low TCR diversity index (D 50) values. Importantly, the TCR diversity and clonality change along with age and disease situation. The TCR repertoire in each individual is different, with different usages of TCR Vβ and Jβ genes. In this study, we analyzed the expressed TCRβ repertoires in the peripheral blood of 582 healthy donors and 60 cancer patients. The tremendously diversified T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoires are the foundation of the adaptive immune system. There has been a longtime need for a simple method to quantitatively evaluate the potency of adaptive immunity in our bodies. The adaptive immune system plays an important role in defending against different kinds of diseases, including infection and cancer. 2Department of Technology, Chengdu ExAb Biotechnology, LTD, Chengdu, China.1Department of Health Management & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.Yue Zhuo 1† Xin Yang 1† Ping Shuai 1 Liangliang Yang 1 Xueping Wen 2 Xuemei Zhong 2 Shihan Yang 2 Shaoxian Xu 1 Yuping Liu 1* Zhixin Zhang 1* ![]()
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